The 2016 Saptamana Calendar: A Comprehensive Guide
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The 2016 Saptamana Calendar: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
The Saptamana calendar is a traditional Hindu calendar that has been used for centuries in Bali, Indonesia. It is a lunisolar calendar, meaning that it is based on both the phases of the moon and the position of the sun. The calendar consists of 12 months of 30 days each, plus an additional five intercalary days.
The Months of the Saptamana Calendar
The months of the Saptamana calendar are named after the gods and goddesses of the Hindu pantheon. The first month, Kasa, is named after the god Brahma. The second month, Karo, is named after the goddess Vishnu. The third month, Katiga, is named after the god Shiva. The fourth month, Keempat, is named after the goddess Durga. The fifth month, Kelima, is named after the god Ganesha. The sixth month, Kanem, is named after the goddess Lakshmi. The seventh month, Kapitu, is named after the god Indra. The eighth month, Kawolu, is named after the goddess Saraswati. The ninth month, Kasiyang, is named after the god Yama. The tenth month, Kasadasa, is named after the goddess Kali. The eleventh month, Jiyestha, is named after the god Agni. The twelfth month, Srawana, is named after the god Varuna.
The Intercalary Days
The five intercalary days are known as pancawara. These days are not part of any month, and they are used to adjust the calendar to the solar year. The pancawara are named after the five elements: earth, water, fire, air, and ether.
The Saptamana Calendar and the Balinese New Year
The Balinese New Year, known as Nyepi, is celebrated on the first day of the month of Srawana. Nyepi is a day of silence and meditation, and it is considered to be the most important day of the Saptamana calendar.
The Saptamana Calendar and Balinese Culture
The Saptamana calendar plays an important role in Balinese culture. It is used to determine the dates of religious festivals and ceremonies. It is also used to predict the weather and to plan agricultural activities.
The Saptamana Calendar Today
The Saptamana calendar is still used by many Balinese people today. It is a valuable tool for understanding Balinese culture and history.
In-Depth Explanation of the Saptamana Calendar
The Lunar Cycle
The Saptamana calendar is based on the phases of the moon. The new moon marks the beginning of each month. The full moon occurs on the fifteenth day of each month. The waxing moon occurs from the new moon to the full moon. The waning moon occurs from the full moon to the new moon.
The Solar Year
The Saptamana calendar is also based on the position of the sun. The solar year is the time it takes for the sun to complete one orbit of the Earth. The solar year is divided into 12 months of 30 days each.
The Intercalary Days
The five intercalary days are added to the calendar to adjust it to the solar year. The intercalary days are not part of any month. They are inserted between the months of Srawana and Kasadasa.
The Balinese New Year
The Balinese New Year, known as Nyepi, is celebrated on the first day of the month of Srawana. Nyepi is a day of silence and meditation. It is considered to be the most important day of the Saptamana calendar.
The Saptamana Calendar and Balinese Culture
The Saptamana calendar plays an important role in Balinese culture. It is used to determine the dates of religious festivals and ceremonies. It is also used to predict the weather and to plan agricultural activities.
The Saptamana Calendar Today
The Saptamana calendar is still used by many Balinese people today. It is a valuable tool for understanding Balinese culture and history.
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